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Gradation (music) : ウィキペディア英語版
Aspect of music

An aspect of music (rudiment) is any characteristic, dimension, or element taken as a part or component of music. A parameter is an element which may be manipulated (composed), separately from the other elements.
*Pitch
*Dynamics
*Rhythm
*Timbre
*Order
*Texture
*Tempo
The first person to apply the term ''parameter'' to music may have been Joseph Schillinger, though its relative popularity may be due to Werner Meyer-Eppler . Gradation is gradual change within one parameter, or an overlapping of two blocks of sound. There is disagreement over the number and existence of specific aspects, as well as whether any aspects are common to all music.
==European music==

The traditional musicological or European-influenced aspects of music often listed are those elements given primacy in European-influenced classical music, so 7 basic elements of music: melody, harmony, rhythm, tone, form, tempo and dynamics. White gives rhythm, melody, harmony, and sound, with sound including timbre, dynamics, and texture .
*Melody is a succession of notes heard as some sort of unit. It is a single line of tones that moves up, down, or stays the same using steps, skips and repeated tones.
*Harmony is the relationship between two or more simultaneous pitches or pitch simultaneities, chord progression affects the key.
*Rhythm is the variation of the accentuation of sounds over time.
*Tone color is timbre, see list below.
*Form is the structure of a particular piece, how its parts are put together to make the whole.
*Tempo is the speed of communicating an emotion in a particular piece, how fast or slow it's played.
*Dynamics is the volume of all parts as a whole and every layer in the structure.
Silence is also often considered an aspect of music, if it is considered to exist. These aspects combine to create secondary aspects including form or structure, and style.
*Structure includes: motive, subphrase, phrase, phrase group, period, section, exposition, repetition, variation, development, and other formal units, textural continuity.
*Style is defined by how the above elements are used. It is what distinguishes an individual composer or group, period, genre, region, or manner of performance.
*Aesthetics is how the music affects you emotionally. For example: an upbeat tune may make you joyful, while a slow violin song may make you feel lonely, cold, and depressed etc.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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